Gender Identity As An Axis Of Social Order - 1611 Words

Gender is considered an axis of social order. Its categorisation into masculinity and femininity is social constructed and maintained in everyday life (Clark and Page, 2005; Mackie, 1994). Gender identity is our innermost understanding of our self as ‘male’ or ‘female’. Most people develop a gender identity that matched their biological sex (their body). Gender identity can be affected by, and is different from one society to another, depending on the way the members of society evaluate the role of females and males. Our gender identity can be influenced from the ethnicity of the group, their cultural background, and family values. Gender like social class and race can be used to socially categorize people and even lead to prejudice and discrimination. From day –to-day, continuous production of gender has been called ‘doing gender’ (West and Zimmermann, 1987), meaning that gender is â€Å"made† by us in everyday lives in our intera ctions with others. The media does affects and influenced gender identity. For instance children are constantly bombarded with shows depicting gender stereotype models from toys marketed as for boys or girls, to children’s TV programmes and shows. It is common for children’s programmes to emphasize the role of the make â€Å"hero† who saves the weak female. Children interpret these messages as â€Å"real life† which shapes their reality, behaviour and expectations of their gender role. However, the social construction of gender does not happen only, it continuesShow MoreRelatedFeminism And The Second Wave Feminist Movement1473 Words   |  6 PagesIntersectionality underscores that it is impossible to consider gender in isolation from other forms of difference. Critically discuss the significance of this, including its implications for feminism. Refer to at least 3 readings in the unit read from weeks 1-6. 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The X-axis represents how much emotional and romantic feeling you would exhibit, while the Z-axis is the general sexual feeling you exhibit. Note that this does not include the varying gender that people prefer; thisRead MoreReading Of Roderick A. Ferguson s Aberrations Of Black : Towards A Queer Of Color1203 Words   |  5 Pageschallenging some of the main complacent thinking that characterized canonical sociology, Ferguson pushes for an engagement with racial knowledge about African American culture as it was produced by American sociology if one is to fully understand the gender and sexual variations within the African American culture. One of the principle assumptions of canonical sociology is represented by its use of cultural, racial and sexual differences in the process of pa thologizing African American culture. 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Management Robert Owen and Richard Branson Free Essays

string(310) " website which endeavoured to link up all of the Virgin Group companies, and created a central hub, as previously they worked separately, so he therefore attempting to promote teamwork and build human relationships within the firm, allowing employees to communicate and information to be pooled and collected\." Intoduction It is said that management principles can be traced back as far as 5000 years, which has provided considerable amount of time to refine and develop these principles into efficient and successful ideologies. Throughout history, management practise has evolved thanks to a number of pioneers who have veered away from the norm to revolutionise views on what it means to be a good and efficacious manager. Both Robert Owen and Richard Branson can be seen as frontrunners of their time, performing feats in the realm of management that nobody before them would have dared to have even considered. We will write a custom essay sample on Management Robert Owen and Richard Branson or any similar topic only for you Order Now Robert_Owen? Robert Owen was born in Newtown in Wales, United Kingdom. During his life he managed to improve well-being, education and rights of the working class. His driving ambition to create a better society made him a successful manufacturer and an important pioneer of Modern Management. ?†The most important experiment for the happiness of the human race that has yet been instituted in any part of the world†1 [Owen, 1801] started when Robert Owen bought the New Lanark Mills in 1801. Under his management the New Lanark became a model community which was driving towards prosperity and making progress through the new technology. He was considered a kind man, who treated his employees very well. Owen highlighted the importance of education; he believed that knowledge is a useful skill that could release working class children from hunger and poverty. Thus New Lanark was the first place in the world that had an Infant School. This allowed parents to keep on working and created the opportunity for wider education provision, including evening classes for workers. He also introduced better working conditions for children; children under ten were not allowed to work in the village and no children were allowed to work for longer than 10 hours a day. Moreover he raised the minimum wage for child labour, raised wages for adults, reduced working hours and provided all the employees with free medical care. Robert Owen always kept proper business records; these included daily and weekly measurement of productivity, output and stocks. A novel technique was used to control the employees; multicolored pieces of wood hung beside every worker. Each color indicated the previous day’s quality of work. Everyone around was able to see this measure of employees performance, this piece of wood works as a good motivator towards quality performance, as people did not want to be embarrassed by everyone being able to see that they had worked to a poor standard. ?Even though Robert Owen had no formal university education his progressive moral views and entrepreneurial skills made his contribution to the modern management theory inestimable. What ideas individuals may attach to the term â€Å"Millennium† I know not; but I know that society may be formed so as to exist without crime, without poverty, with health greatly improved, with little, if any misery, and with intelligence and happiness increased a hundredfold; and no obstacle whatsoever intervenes at this moment except ignorance to prevent such a state of society from becoming universal. †2[Owen, 1816] Sir Richard Branson Sir Richard Branson was born in Blac kheath, London in 1950. He studied at Stowe school and throughout his childhood struggled with dyslexia, and failed to do well at school, but by the age of 16, after dropping out of school, and a few failed attempts at selling Christmas trees and budgerigars, he had already taken his first steps to becoming a successful pioneer when he launched a magazine called ‘Student’ 3[Ahmed, 2011], which ran articles about prominent politicians, famous rock stars and different celebrities of the time. This turned out to just be the start of a successful entrepreneurial career, and he has now founded ‘Virgin Group Ltd. ’ which consists of more than 400 companies, ranging from airlines to mobile phone networks, employing over 50,000 people. Having started as a teenager, struggling to find his way into the business world, he is now worth about three billion pounds sterling, and is one of the most outstanding innovators in the world. Despite being renowned for promoting an extremely tranquil working environment, Richard Branson is a follower of F. W. Taylor, who proposed the ‘Scientific Management Theory’, which attempts to increase economic efficiency and productivity in the workplace by applying a scientific element to management, and Sir Richard Branson is known to apply some of Taylors ‘Scientific Management’ theories to his own style. Taylor was also known to reward staff with higher payment based on results, as an attempt to boost motivation, which Branson has also exercised by paying and rewarding employees based on performance and their ability to show signs of creative thinking. [Anon] Sir Richard Branson implements a style of a Theory Y manger in Douglas McGregor’s theory5 [McGregor, 1960] which states that there are two types of manager: Theory X styled manager- Believes that the average employee dislikes works and only works because they have to earn money, therefore they need to be threatened with punishments in order to be motivated, and directed strictly, without any room for del egated responsibility. A Theory X styled manager believes that money is most important to the employee. Theory Y styled manager (Sir Richard Branson)- Believes that employees are more motivated when they have more self-control and can apply their own skills and creativity in the workplace. States that most employees want to do well and self-actualisation what motivates them, as oppose to financial gain. [Taylor, 2013] Richard Branson believes that by creating a relaxed working environment, and by trusting his managers and employees with responsibility, that his staff will consequently be enjoy their work, work better as a team, and therefore be more motivated as they will be achieving the Self-Actualisation level and Social level on Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, and therefore enhance the performance of the workforce, and resultantly the performance of Virgin. In the advancement of his management thinking, Virgin Group Ltd created a centralised website which endeavoured to link up all of the Virgin Group companies, and created a central hub, as previously they worked separately, so he therefore attempting to promote teamwork and build human relationships within the firm, allowing employees to communicate and information to be pooled and collected. You read "Management Robert Owen and Richard Branson" in category "Papers" Comparison and Contrast between Owen and Branson Despite being from entirely different eras, Owen and Branson exude many similar qualities; most notably in that they both believe that the key to success lies in the treatment of their employees. Having a personality of caring about people is important. You can’t be a good leader unless you generally like people. That is how you bring out the best in them. †7[Branson, 2011] It is clear that both men care greatly for their employees; Branson gives all employees h is personal phone number, so that should they have any problems they can contract him directly, rather than having to go through Human Resources. Many managers would not identify with this and would rather their employees suffer in silence. Branson also claims to attempt to respond to as any emails as he can every day, â€Å"Recalling a time when [he] was just starting out and needed advice, [he tries] to respond to as many reader emails as [he] can. †8 . [Branson, 2011] Branson claims: â€Å"People don’t leave their jobs through lack of pay – they leave because they aren’t valued. Many companies leave people in boxes; encourage them to be adaptable and innovative. †9 [Branson, 2011] Owen exhibited his consideration for his employees in a very different way, but with the same aim of achieving employee happiness. Having to work in a grocery shop himself from the age of 8, Owen realised the harm of child labour and seeked to stop it in his later life. In 1815 he persuaded supporters in parliament to put forward a bill on child labour. While this bill did not have as much success as Owen hoped, as many mill owners fought against the proposition, Owen was an instigator in improving the lives of child workers. He also improved welfare standards for older workers, shortening working hours and increasing wages. Eight hours’ daily labour is enough for any human being, and under proper arrangements sufficient to afford an ample supply of food, raiment and shelter, or the necessaries and comforts of life, and for the remainder of his time, every person is entitled to education, recreation and sleep†. 10[Owen, 1833] Branson and Owen’s methods of achieving employee happiness were highly influenced by the times they were working in. In Owen’s time, most working conditions were poor and wages were low, so simply by improving these factors employees would instantly become happier. In the current day there is a huge range of jobs with all ranges of wages, and many regulations in place to ensure employee welfare. Therefore, to appeal to his employees, Branson realised that a more personal approach was necessary, hence allowing his employees to contact him directly. Companies are a lot larger these days than in the early 19th Century when Owen was working, so being able to have a personal relationship with the head of a company is much rarer in this day and age. Both pioneers identified the most effective way of attaining contentment from their employees in the environment they were living in. Both Branson and Owen were pioneers of their time, achieving what many believed impossible. Despite leaving school at the age of 16 and being diagnosed with Dyslexia, Branson has risen above the odds and is responsible for starting over 400 companies, most famous for establishing Virgin, which ranges from record shops to airlines. No other manager in history has been at the helm of such a large business empire, and before Branson, it is doubtable that anyone would have thought it possible. Owen, on the other hand, was more of a pioneer in the domain of welfare than the extensiveness of his company, providing above and beyond what would be expected of a manager of his time, from nurseries to children to evening classes for adults. While, at the time, most managers would see these initiatives as an unnecessary expense, Owen’s cotton mills became very successful businesses with healthy, content employees. Quite possibly, were it not for Owen identifying how much success can come to a manager who treats his employees well, Branson may not have realised the importance of having such good relationships with his employees which could be seen as the key to his success. One of the main contrasts between Richard Branson and Robert Owen are their views on education. Owen believed that education was one of the most important factors in a company; the better the education of the employees, the better employees they are. To train and educate the rising generation will at all times be the first object of society, to which every other will be subordinate†. 11[Owen, 1826] Owen provided schooling for employees and their children, putting children’s education ahead of their contribution to his company. Branson, on the other hand left school himself at 16 and hasn’t looked back. ‘Richard Branson, founder and chairman of London-based Virgin Group, didn’t breeze through school. In fact, school was something of a nightmare for him. His scores on standardized tests were dismal, initially pointing to a similar future. Despite the difficulties and challenges posed by his acknowledged dyslexia, his gifted interpersonal and business talents drove him to succeed. ’12[Anon] In contrast to Owen’s beliefs, Branson is proof that education is not necessarily an important factor in success. Furthermore, Richard Branson believes that â€Å"work should not be a chore and should be fun. You want to have fun at home; why shouldn’t you have fun at work†13[Branson, 2011]. Owen also considered leisure and recreation important. He arranged concerts and dancing evenings for the benefit of community. However, even though both pioneers think of fun as an important part of working life, Robert Owen used a stricter approach to management and was a strong believer in discipline, for example by keeping track of employees behaviour by the aforementioned multicolored pieces of wood and disciplining those who repeatedly showed low performance. To conclude, Branson and Owen are and were strong pioneers of their time, who shared many values. Managers could learn ample from both men, especially when it comes to employee relationships. In general, it is indispensable that modern day managers consider how successful pioneers such as Owen and Branson apply and practise management theory, as it shows the outcome of different particular methods and techniques, in this pairs case; high levels of success. For example, Douglas McGregor stated that he believed that a Theory Y manager would be more successful at motivating their employees than a Theory X, and Sir Richard Branson was almost certainly a Theory Y manager, so a modern manager can consider whether the method that pioneer practised was positively effective or not. President Gordon B. Hinckley taught: â€Å"It is good to look to the past to gain appreciation for the present and perspective for the future. It is good to look upon the virtues of those who have gone before, to gain strength for whatever lies ahead. It is good to reflect upon the work of those who laboured so hard and gained so little in this world, but out of whose dreams and early plans, so well nurtured, has come a great harvest of which we are the beneficiaries† [Ensign, 1984]. 14 How to cite Management Robert Owen and Richard Branson, Papers

Essay about Work Example For Students

Essay about Work There is no ultimate secret to success but working hard and believing in yourself is important. Working with sincerity will bring success to an individual. Work is an indispensable aspect of all human life.  Some individuals  desire to live a happy life without working. But in the real sense, it is impossible for an individual to live a fulfilled life without having any work which could be for various reasons. According to various dictionaries, Work is when someone expends  his energy both physically and mentally in  order to do something so as to receive a reward which could be in any form. The act of working either you get paid or not is definitely necessary for our happiness and health. It helps  us develop confidence, work experience, and self-respect. People who work in offices should have a certain spirit like teamwork and charity in order to achieve a common goal. In this world of great freedom, people work for various reasons. Outline1   Why do people work?2 Skills to possess which can make your work successful3 How to effectively manage work and life   Why do people work? We will write a custom essay on about Work specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Humans  have  the ability to use their time and energy to do whatever they like but using your time and energy to work is essential for both individual and society at large. People work in order to have a fulfilled life with true meaning and purpose There is a great connection between work and having a meaningful life. Working  hard to  help everyone pursues  their passion in life and become more productive.  Working most especially on your  dream work or for  your dream company gives  you joy,  and your life has ultimate meaning. Working on what you are passionate about will give you the opportunity to become an expert thereby creating money for you  to get material values.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Living a fulfilled  and meaningful  life doesnt mean you have to provide for millions of people but providing necessary things such as shelters, clothes,  and foods for your family either nuclear or extended family.   Ã‚  This makes work important to both you and your family. Work, when used to support other people,  adds true meaning to ones life. Therefore, living a meaningful life is about committing and helping other people which means contributing to something beyond yourself. This will also create long-term  happiness due to the level of charity that will be shown to other people either by providing their needs or giving job security. There should not be an argumentative essay or debate on the fact that work is important to live a fulfilled and meaningful life. Work gives you the privilege to socialize and meet new people Making a reasonable connection  without discrimination  is important for human survival. Working gives you a  great opportunity to meet new customers and co-workers’  which might have a huge positive impact on individual life. Different people have a different perspective to life, work and entertainment so going out to work give you an avenue to meet this person  with new ideas, different cultures  and perspective thereby getting information that you would not get by staying indoors. Talking with people at critical times help solve mental conditions like depression, anxiety,  and others. A problem associated with ones life can also be solved by interacting with various people with different experience in  life. Work is used to sharpen individual skill and talent People work in order to acquire more knowledge and improve on certain skills. Hard work combined with  work experience,  strong willpower and persistence can help in becoming an expert of a certain skill even without having the talent. But in situations where you have the necessary talent, working efficiently will help in making the talent brighter,  leading to the following: Increase the chance of becoming more successful. The more you know, the more you earn; This provides the opportunity of becoming  a member in any  new industry; More respect can be gained; This makes your mind, body, and soul sharper; Mastering a lot of things is fun and interesting. .ub68276f965d4bf35a66bf61cbd3145cc , .ub68276f965d4bf35a66bf61cbd3145cc .postImageUrl , .ub68276f965d4bf35a66bf61cbd3145cc .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub68276f965d4bf35a66bf61cbd3145cc , .ub68276f965d4bf35a66bf61cbd3145cc:hover , .ub68276f965d4bf35a66bf61cbd3145cc:visited , .ub68276f965d4bf35a66bf61cbd3145cc:active { border:0!important; } .ub68276f965d4bf35a66bf61cbd3145cc .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub68276f965d4bf35a66bf61cbd3145cc { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub68276f965d4bf35a66bf61cbd3145cc:active , .ub68276f965d4bf35a66bf61cbd3145cc:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub68276f965d4bf35a66bf61cbd3145cc .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub68276f965d4bf35a66bf61cbd3145cc .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub68276f965d4bf35a66bf61cbd3145cc .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub68276f965d4bf35a66bf61cbd3145cc .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub68276f965d4bf35a66bf61cbd3145cc:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub68276f965d4bf35a66bf61cbd3145cc .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub68276f965d4bf35a66bf61cbd3145cc .ub68276f965d4bf35a66bf61cbd3145cc-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub68276f965d4bf35a66bf61cbd3145cc:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Kundera and Friedlander EssayThe lack of certain talent should not be an excuse for acquiring  a certain level of skill,  this  is why working is of prior Importance. Work is essential for  our health   People who have  something to do have  a  healthier life compared to jobless people. Working helps  our physical and mental health. Recovering from sickness will be faster when you have something very important to actualize. For instance,  when you have to create world-class equipment wherever you are working, this promotes motivation to work despite  bad health.  This helps  you heal faster compared  to someone who has nothing to do than  parties and even has time to abuse medications which could affect the health of the person. Work as a virtue of rationality Rationality is a virtue which makes human being different from other species. It is a state of being rational, more focused and committed. Rationality is expressed when a person chose to work. For instance,  when you have a goal to achieve by working, you become more focused and committed. Rationality gives you the power to express your free  will just like work is able to give you the privilege to express yourself which is a great virtue of human being. Working gives you the ability to be reasonable after a certain period of work, and this allows you to be logically sound after using your brain with your  mind for a period of time especially if it is your dreamwork or in a dream company. Skills to possess which can make your work successful These skills are necessary in order to have a work which is productive and can help provide material value for people around you. These skills  are Written and verbal communication skills Problem-solving skill leadership skill Teamwork spirit Adaptability How to effectively manage work and life Work, life, and family are an important part of human life and must be effectively managed. Work ethic must be followed in order to have a life of reason without building up stress. Don’t overuse yourself because no individual can be a superman or superwoman; Don’t be controlled with technology but use it efficiently which makes you more effective; Fear should be totally eradicated when making decisions; There are some characters which should be avoided, for instance, laziness, discrimination, lack of ethics and others

It250 Linux Course Review and Hw Helper free essay sample

IT250 Linux Operating System S. No Question Points 1 What commands are used to create an ext2—second extended—filesystem? mke2fs or mkfs. ext2 2 Which of the following types of filesystems can the command e2fsck be used to check? A. ext2 B. ext3 C. jfs D. vfat 3 What command can be used to start a program with a lower scheduling priority? nice ____________ FINAL Which of the following Linux utilities lists the names of files in a single directory? ls Which component of X Window allows customization of the user interface? Window manager Which of the following control structures is a multiple-branch decision mechanism capable of more than three decisions? The Case structure What is the meaning of the DocumentRoot directive in the Apache configuration file? It is the directive that is used to change the location of the document root. Which of the following symbols instructs the shell to redirect the output of a command to the specified file instead of the screen and overwrite the file? You would use the symbol The special character that causes the shell to generate filenames that match any single character in the name of an existing file is _____. We will write a custom essay sample on It250 Linux Course Review and Hw Helper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The question mark Using vim, which of the following keys is used to delete a single character? x Following the job number, the shell displays the ________ number—a larger number assigned by the operating system. pid Which of the following commands is used to start X Window from the command line? startx Which of the following utilities detects and configures new hardware and provides the computer the information it needs about the NIC? kudzu Which of the following Linux utilities lists the names of files in a single directory? ls Which of the following partitions does Linux use when all the information that Linux is processing cannot be stored in RAM? Swap Which component of X Window allows customization of the user interface? Window manager What utility is used to move a file from one directory to another? mv The C compiler that Linux commonly uses is _________. GNU gcc What directive grants access to a directory hierarchy to the specified clients? Allow from What represents the root partition in Linux? The forward slash / Which of the following describes Konqueror? A desktop tool that acts as a file manager, a browser, and an executor of programs In the GNOME environment, thme equivalent of a Windows shortcut is called ___________. launcher The default menus of the GNOME environment are the ___________. Applications, Places, and System menus Which of the following control structures is a multiple-branch decision mechanism capable of more than three decisions? The Case structure The utility that can be used to copy a file, including text and executable program (binary) files, is ___________. cp Which of the following utilities is used to rename a file? Copy What utility is used to search for a particular string within a file or a group of files? grep The name of a C program file must end in _________. c The following two lines are found in the /etc/logrotate. conf file: daily rotate 21 How many weeks’ worth of backups will be found in the log directories? 3 Which of the following directives specifies how Apache displays directory listings? IndexOptions Which of the following utilities do you use to move a process from the background to the foreground? fg What commands do you use to ensure that all the users on a computer can execute the new script CoolStuff? chmod u+xCoolStuff Which of the following keystrokes helps you undo the last change made in the vim editor? u What command displays the last 10 lines of the file abc? tail abc Which of the following utilities do you use to determine the list of users logged on to a specific terminal? who Which of the following is a server that allows directories to be shared between Windows systems? Samba In vim, which of the following keystrokes is used to exit the editor and save the contents of the file being edited? ZZ Which of the following utilities do you use to make your home directory the working directory? cd Which of the following utilities is installed by default and helps you upgrade software packages? yum Which of the following symbols instructs the shell to redirect the output of a command to the specified file instead of the screen and overwrite the file? You would use the symbol The special character that causes the shell to generate filenames that match any single character in the name of an existing file is _____. The question mark In vim, which of the following keystrokes is used to exit the editor and save the contents of the file being edited? ZZ Which of the following control structures is a multiple-branch decision mechanism capable of more than three decisions? The Case structure Which component of X Window allows customization of the user interface? Window manager Which of the following utilities is used to view a file one screen at a time? less What utility is used to search for a particular string within a file or a group of files? grep The utility that can be used to copy a file, including text and executable program (binary) files, is ___________. cp Which of the following partitions does Linux use when all the information that Linux is processing cannot be stored in RAM? Swap Which of the following keystrokes helps you undo the last change made in the vim editor? What network utilities works only if a remote system trusts your local computer? rsh What represents the root partition in Linux? The forward slash / The C compiler that Linux commonly uses is _________. GNU gcc What is the meaning of the DocumentRoot directive in the Apache configuration file? It is the directive that is used to change the location of the document root. In the GNOME environmen t, the equivalent of a Windows shortcut is called ___________. a launcher The default menus of the GNOME environment are the ___________. Applications, Places, and System menus Which of the following commands is used to start X Window from the command line? startx What operator causes the output to be appended to an existing file? The symbol Following the job number, the shell displays the ________ number—a larger number assigned by the operating system. pid Which of the following utilities is used to rename a file? Copy The name of a C program file must end in _________. .c Which of the following utilities is used to display the pathname of a current working directory? pwd Which of the following utilities do you use to determine the list of users logged on to a specific terminal? ho Which of the following utilities do you use to make your home directory the working directory? cd Which of the following utilities do you use to move a process from the background to the foreground? fg What commands do you use to ensure that all the users on a computer can execute the new script CoolStuff? chmod u+xCoolStuff Which of the following utilities is used to g raphically add and remove software packages in Fedora? pirut Which of the following directives specifies how Apache displays directory listings? IndexOptions What utility is used to move a file from one directory to another? v What directive grants access to a directory hierarchy to the specified clients? Allow from User abc wants to copy the ~/. bashrc file from his or her local computer to a system named bravo. What commands should abc use? scp ~/. bashrc [emailprotected] The following two lines are found in the /etc/logrotate. conf file: daily rotate 21 How many weeks’ worth of backups will be found in the log directories? 3 _______________________________ WEEK 10 VOCAB The utility that makes it easier for the administrator to manage the /etc/rc. d directory chkconfig This user is commonly referred to as a super user root Sends a signal to a process Kill The utility that runs a program as a root Consolehelper Which of the following directives grants access to a directory hierarchy to the specified clients? Allow from A program that does something destructive or disruptive to a system Trojan Horse This program was developed by the U. S. National Security Agency SELinux The utility that can be used to back up an entire filesystem Dump User abc wants to copy the ~/. bashrc file from his or her local computer to a system named bravo. Which of the following commands should abc use? scp ~/. bashrc [emailprotected] The utility that adds a group from the command line groupadd Sends packets to a remote system Ping The utility that removes a user userdel The utuility that specifies how to search for information nsswitch The utility that can be used to archive files cpio Which of the following utilities is used to search for a particular string within a file or group of files? grep WEEK 9 An internet based system that can keep software on one or more Red Hat Linux systems up-to-date RHN Command used to remove packages um remove (package name) Command used to update packages yum update The utility that only works with software packages that have been built for processing by RPM Red Hat Package Manager Application used to keep the O/S up to date Yellow Dog Updater Modified A handy tool for downloading large static data files BitTorrent Command used to install specific packages yum install (package name) The command used t o display information about groups yum groupinfo group name The command used to display a list of installed and available groups yum grouplist The command line utility that adds and removes software packages pirut The command that locates and downloads rpm files yumdownloader (name of rpm file) What utility is used to graphically add and remove software packages in Fedora? pirut An unwanted and unintended program property Bug The utility that downloads files noninteractively wget The option to run wget in the background and redirect its standard error to a file named wget-log. -b ________________ Linux Operating System Unit 1 Homework The following homework is designed to cover the course objectives for this unit. Assignment 1. 1:Answer the following questions: 1. What did Richard Stallman mean when he stated that GNU was a free operating system? 2. Describe the relationship between Linux and the GNU Project. 3. List and describe in detail four advantages of Linux. 4. List three examples of different hardware platforms onto which Linux has been ported. 5. Which component of X Window allows for heavy customization What is X Window System? 6. of the user interface? 7. What is the minimum system requirements for 32-bit Fedora 8 with the GUI installed? 8. List and describe the three types of hardware architecture that Fedora 8 supports. 9. What is LVM? What advantage does LVM have over traditional partitions? 10. What is a mount point? 11. How many primary drive partitions are supported on computers that still conform to the standard established by MS-DOS? How many total partitions can a standard computer disk [Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE)/Serial Advanced Technology Attachment (SATA)] support? How many does the Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) support? 12. What directories are often stored on their own partitions? 3. Instead of a page file—such as in Windows—what type of partition does Linux use when it does not have enough memory to hold all the data that it is processing? Submit your answers in a Word document to your instructor at the beginning of Unit 2. ________________ Unit 6: Peripheral Hardware Configuration Objectives 7: Configure computer hardware in Linux. 7. 1: Configure a printer with Common UNIX Printing System (CUPS). 7. 2: Configure a network interface card (NIC). ReadingsA Practical Guide to FedoraTM and Red Hat ® Enterprise Linux ® †¢ Chapter 14, pp. 511-517 and pp. 23-531 †¢ Chapter 17, pp. 579-583 Key Concepts1. The history of UNIX printing2. New features in CUPS3. Management tools in CUPS. Methods of configuring a CUPS printer 5. Private IP addresses. 6 Methods of configuring network settings with the GUI, or system-confignetwork 7. The method of manually configuring network settings Attention IT-250 Students: Week 7 8 In order to address the required coursework, Units 7 and 8 will be combined. To make this somewhat easier, the due dates for all Unit 7/8 work will be extended to calendar week 10 (November 10, 2008). The due date for Unit 9 work remains unchanged (also November 10, 2008). In essence, this allows us to complete the combine work for units 7, 8, and 9 over two weeks. This should be somewhat easier than doubling-up two units in a single week. Please note that to further simplify, the quizzes for Units 7 and 8 have been combined into a single quiz activity. This quiz score will count twice. Please read chapters 10, 13, 16, 18, and 19 in preparation of addressing this material. Unit 9: Basic Apache Configuration Objectives 10: Configure basic settings on an Apache Web server. 0. 1: Identify the core elements of a Fedora Apache installation. 10. 2: Configure the Apache Web server by editing the httpd. conf file. 10. 3: Configure the Apache Web server by using the system-config-httpd configuration script. Readings A Practical Guide to FedoraTM and Red Hat ® Enterprise Linux ® †¢ Chapter 26, pp. 811-824 Key Concepts 1. An introduction to Apache 2. Installation of standard Apache 3. Configuration of Apache, including ports, user Web pages, and Apache directories Linux Operating System Unit 10  ©ITT Educational Services, Inc. 94 Linux Operating System 7/02/08 Unit 10: Basic Apache Management and Troubleshooting Objectives 11: Manage and troubleshoot an Apache Web server. 11. 1: Configure logging options in the httpd. conf file. 11. 2: Configure file and directory security in the httpd. conf file. 11. 3: Troubleshoot Apache from the command line and logs. Readings A Practical Guide to FedoraTM and Red Hat ® Enterprise Linux ® †¢ Chapter 26, pp. 828-840 and p. 845 Key Concepts 1. Methods of configuring logs and file and directory security in Apache 2. Use of logs and command-line tools to troubleshoot Apache

Dealing With Adoption In Middle Age essays

Dealing With Adoption In Middle Age essays In the past, it was assumed that a healthy, well-adjusted adopted person would have no desire to delve into his or her birth history. Those who insisted that they needed this information and access to their birth records were considered to be ungrateful at the least, and seriously disturbed at the worst. However in the early 1990's, after much research and debate, the Australian federal government, under prime minister Paul Keating, passed legislation that all previously secretly and confidentially held adoption records, from the 1940's, 1950's and 1960's should be made available to the adopted public. This effectively meant that all adoption certificates and information would be sent out to adoptees, whether they were or were not aware that they held this status. This report looks at the effect that this legislation had on those people who were unaware that they were adopted. Many of these people are know middle aged and have only recently found out that they were adopted at an early age by their caring parents. Often when people hear the word adoption, they think of an infertile, childless couple delightedly gazing into the eyes of their recently adopted newborn baby. They are thrilled to finally be parents, and are totally involved in meeting the immediate needs of the child (Oskamp and Schultz, 1998). But what about the years that follow? Do the effects of adoption stop the moment that a child comes home to the new parents? I hypothesise that the behavioural responses exhibited by adoptees when discovering this fact, will be the same no matter the age. I also believe that living your entire life with a group of people, people you always thought were your biological family, only to find out that they really are not, would be a very traumatic experience for the individual. The attempt to investigate this hypothesis will be based upon a wide variety research of past studies and expert opinions, gained from a range...

Develop a partial risk and mitigation plan Assignment

Develop a partial risk and mitigation plan - Assignment Example These are the malicious programs that are spread via the internet which damage stored information in the computers. High Attack by the malicious programs would lead to loss of information that is stored in the computers which results into a significant loss for the company. The first impact would be loss of documents while the latest would be total crushing of the ICT system. 2 Hacking The ICT students may hack the schools’ accounts, which would lead to loss of information and money. Medium If this happens, the school may lose a lot in terms of cash. This is because hackers can even clear the school fees for students with fees balances First impact may be unsustainable college due to the big losses accrued. The latest impact would be total declaration of bankruptcy of the college. Malicious programs As shown in the table, the risk associated to malicious programs is very likely to occur. Malware such as viruses, bugs and other destructive programs find their way into computers and other memory storage devices. Viruses and worms have been declared a big threat to businesses’ and institutions’ security (Brittson, Oshea & Reyes, 2011.) The last survey that was done for the 1000 fortune companies indicated that cyber crime is the most dangerous crime in businesses and institutions and that can drive an organization into a lot of losses. These disastrous programs have a very high probability of occurrence in the learning institutions. Most of the Universities today do everything online. Establishment of an ICT center would enable students to carry all the assignments and other applications through the internet especially when there is a configuration of WIFI. Since most of the students are in need of the computer facilities, they would be regular in the ICT centers to carry out their research. It is through interaction of students with computers that the ICT laboratories are exposed to the risks. This results from the various memory storage devi ces that the students insert into the computers for instance the flash disks, memory cards, diskettes, external hard drives and hard disks. These storage facilities if infected would lead to infection of the computers in the ICT laboratories. The other way through which the computers could be affected by viruses and worms, is through the downloading of non-genuine files, music, or movies from the internet. If the downloaded document of music is from untrustworthy provider it may be malicious to the stored information in the computers in the ICT center (Clough, 2010). According to Martin & Schell (2004), malware attack is always associated with the loss of information from the computers. This has been witnessed in many businesses and institutions especially in the cases of viruses and worms attack and also the hackers. For instance the attack known as Aurora which happened recently destructed a lot of information in many companies. In this attack, the hackers used techniques that emp loyed a combination of stealth programming and encrypted techniques. Through the use of this technology, the attackers traced the source codes for Adobe, Google and many

Groupware Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Groupware - Essay Example Today, it is undeniable that technological innovation brings the convenience of many previous laborious works. It is also responsible for the massive growth and fast traffic of the flow of information.Collaborative Software also known as Groupware is a computer supported cooperative work (CSCW). This study will nullify the downbeat notion towards the groupware that it is more of trouble than worthy to the organizational functions.According to Tom Blinck along with fellow authors in their online work Introduction to Groupware (1998), said that one of the major problems of this software is the complexity of the technologies needed that will be compatible for its function. However, hardware technologies are never seizing in development in order to comply with the best means suited for the need of the particular task.Another serious issue that Blinck and his company have been citing is the affordability of the available groupware for the company. It is undeniable the high price amount of the software, including the budget for the consultant of the software, and the trainings for the utilization. Blinck quoted Larson, stating that:"Economic recessions and restrictions of small to medium sized businesses produce decreasing budgets and therefore many firms perceive that they cannot afford to invest in GroupWare. This leads to a lack of support from top-level management. Usually the cost of implementation, hiring a consultant and training programs all add up to significant sums of money, that most firms do not see as a wise investment" Blinck and his party have been probably just looking at the financial security of the company so as not advising to invest in groupware. But they failed to see the potentiality of reimbursement of the expenses for the groupware package, or even beyond the expected price of reimbursement, due to its convenience of the function and production of the result a company could benefit of using groupware. The worthiness of groupware in financial aspect is the solutions it could give to the company and to its very user. The various components or collaboration tools of groupware surely make the various jobs in an organization a lot easier, and that is already worth of the investment (Lank, 2005). Components of collaboration tools such as electronic communication tools (synchronous conferencing, Web publishing), Electronic conferencing tools (electronic meeting system, application sharing), and Collaborative management tools (electronic calendars, workflow system) are the features of the groupware that could be very useful at the same time do not limiting the mobility of the employees within the workforce (Fjeld et al., 2002). Some of these features are common to the labels such as Lotus notes and Microsoft Exchange (Search Domino.Com, 2005). Another advantage of groupware is the wide scopes of areas of concern it can encompass as it understand the many tasks it needed to support in a company. The traditional interface only focuses on one person usability alone (Nielsen, 2008). Groupware is designed for the ease of the consumer and to assist regarding the productivity of the work in terms of quality and quantity that could be limited in the conventional interface of outdated systems. Some groupware even vary its design as the creators are considering along the size of the company, and the distinctive roles of the users playing in a team (Nielsen, 2008). Mobility is also a big factor to consider for a working company. Its limitation can hinder the production and the continuum